1. Cellulose ether
Cellulose ether yog lub npe dav dav ntawm cov khoom lag luam tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm alkali cellulose thiab etherifying tus neeg saib xyuas nyob rau hauv qee yam mob. Alkali cellulose yog hloov los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm sib txawv kom tau txais cov cellulose ethers sib txawv. Raws li cov khoom ionization ntawm cov khoom hloov, cellulose ethers tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom ionic (xws li carboxymethyl cellulose) thiab hom non-ionic (xws li methyl cellulose). Raws li hom kev hloov pauv, cellulose ethers tuaj yeem muab faib ua monoethers (xws li methyl cellulose) thiab sib xyaw ethers (xws li hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). Raws li qhov sib txawv dissolubility, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua dej solubility (xws li hydroxyethyl cellulose) thiab organic solvent solubility (xws li ethyl cellulose). Qhuav mix mortar feem ntau yog dej soluble cellulose, thiab dej soluble cellulose tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom tam sim thiab ncua sij hawm dissolution hom tom qab kho deg.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cellulose ether hauv mortar yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) Tom qab cov cellulose ether nyob rau hauv lub mortar yog yaj nyob rau hauv dej, qhov zoo thiab niaj hnub faib ntawm cov cementitious cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub system yog guaranteed vim lub nto ua hauj lwm. Raws li kev tiv thaiv colloid, cov cellulose ether " qhwv" cov khoom siv thiab tsim ib txheej ntawm lubricating zaj duab xis rau ntawm nws sab nrauv, uas ua rau cov mortar system ruaj khov, thiab tseem txhim kho cov fluidity ntawm mortar hauv cov txheej txheem sib tov thiab smoothness. kev tsim kho.
(2) Vim yog cov qauv molecular yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj cellulose ether, cov dej hauv mortar tsis yooj yim poob, thiab maj mam tso tawm nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, muab cov tshuaj khib nyiab zoo khaws cia thiab ua haujlwm.
1.1.1 Methylcellulose (MC)
Cov paj rwb refined yog kho nrog alkali, thiab cov cellulose ether yog npaj los ntawm ib tug series ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog methyl chloride ua etherifying tus neeg sawv cev. Feem ntau, qhov degree ntawm kev hloov pauv yog 1.6 ~ 2.0, thiab cov solubility sib txawv nrog rau qib ntawm kev hloov pauv. Nws belongs rau non-ionic cellulose ether.
(1) Methylcellulose yog soluble hauv dej txias, tab sis nws yog qhov nyuaj rau yaj hauv dej kub, thiab nws cov kua dej yog ruaj khov nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm pH = 3 ~ 12. Nws muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, cov pos hniav thiab ntau surfactants. Thaum qhov kub nce mus txog qhov kub ntawm gel, gel tshwm sim yuav tshwm sim.
(2) Cov dej tuav ntawm methyl cellulose nyob ntawm nws cov nyiaj ntxiv, viscosity, particle fineness thiab dissolution tus nqi. Feem ntau, cov dej tuav tus nqi siab nrog ntau ntxiv, me me fineness thiab loj viscosity. Cov nyiaj ntxiv muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo rau cov dej tuav tus nqi, thiab cov viscosity tsis ncaj nraim rau cov dej tuav tus nqi. Tus nqi dissolution feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov kev hloov kho ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv cellulose. Ntawm cov cellulose ethers saum toj no, methyl cellulose thiab hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose muaj dej ntau dua.
(3) Kev hloov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yuav cuam tshuam rau cov dej tuav tus nqi ntawm methyl cellulose. Feem ntau, qhov kub thiab txias dua, qhov dej khaws cia tsis zoo. Yog hais tias lub mortar kub siab tshaj 40 ℃, cov dej tuav cov cuab yeej ntawm methyl cellulose yuav loj heev, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua hauj lwm ntawm mortar.
(4) Methylcellulose muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm thiab adhesion ntawm mortar. Qhov "adhesiveness" ntawm no yog hais txog lub zog nplaum ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm cov cuab yeej pleev xim thiab cov phab ntsa substrate, uas yog, shear resistance ntawm lub mortar. Lub adhesiveness yog loj, shear resistance ntawm mortar yog loj, thiab lub zog yuav tsum tau los ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem siv kuj loj, yog li kev tsim kho ntawm mortar yog tsis zoo. Hauv cov khoom lag luam cellulose ether, qhov adhesion ntawm methyl cellulose yog nyob rau nruab nrab.
1.1.2 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) yog ib hom cellulose uas nws tawm los thiab ntau npaum li cas tau nce sai heev nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no. Nws yog non-ionic cellulose sib xyaw ether ua los ntawm cov paj rwb zoo tom qab kev kho alkalization, siv epoxy propane thiab methyl chloride ua etherifying tus neeg sawv cev los ntawm ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov kev hloov pauv feem ntau yog 1.2 ~ 2.0. Nws cov khoom sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov ntsiab lus methoxy thiab hydroxypropyl cov ntsiab lus.
(1) Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose yog yooj yim soluble hauv dej txias, tab sis nws nyuaj rau yaj hauv dej kub. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov gel kub hauv dej kub yog qhov siab dua li ntawm methyl cellulose. Piv nrog methyl cellulose, solubility hauv dej txias kuj zoo heev.
(2) Lub viscosity ntawm hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose muaj feem xyuam rau nws qhov hnyav molecular, thiab siab dua qhov hnyav molecular, qhov viscosity siab dua. Qhov kub kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau nws cov viscosity, thiab viscosity yuav txo qis thaum kub nce. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nyhuv ntawm viscosity siab thiab kub yog qis dua li ntawm methyl cellulose. Cov tshuaj yog ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub.
(3) Kev tuav dej ntawm HPMC nyob ntawm nws qhov sib ntxiv thiab viscosity, thiab nws cov dej tuav tau siab dua li ntawm methyl cellulose ntawm tus nqi ntxiv.
(4) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ruaj khov rau cov kua qaub thiab cov hauv paus, thiab nws cov tshuaj aqueous ruaj khov nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm pH = 2 ~ 12. Caustic dej qab zib thiab txiv qaub dej tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig rau nws qhov kev ua tau zoo, tab sis alkali tuaj yeem ua kom nws qhov kev sib cais thiab txhim kho cov viscosity pin. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yog ruaj khov rau cov ntsev ntau, tab sis thaum lub concentration ntawm ntsev tov yog siab, lub viscosity ntawm hydroxypropyl methylcellulose tov nyhav nce.
(5) Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose tuaj yeem tov nrog dej-soluble macromolecular compounds los tsim cov tshuaj sib xws nrog cov viscosity siab dua. Xws li polyvinyl cawv, starch ether, zaub pos hniav, thiab lwm yam.
(6) Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose muaj enzyme zoo dua li methyl cellulose, thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm enzymatic degradation ntawm nws cov tshuaj yog qis dua li ntawm methyl cellulose.
(7) Lub adhesion ntawm hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose rau mortar siv yog siab dua li ntawm methyl cellulose.
1.1.3 Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC)
Cov paj rwb refined yog npaj los ntawm reacting nrog ethylene oxide raws li etherifying tus neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm acetone tom qab alkali kho. Qhov kev hloov pauv feem ntau yog 1.5 ~ 2.0. Nws muaj zog hydrophilicity thiab yooj yim rau nqus noo noo.
(1) Hydroxyethyl cellulose yog soluble hauv dej txias, tab sis nyuaj rau yaj hauv dej kub. Cov tshuaj yog ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv gel. Nws tuaj yeem siv tau ntev hauv qhov nruab nrab thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab, tab sis nws cov dej tuav tau qis dua li ntawm methyl cellulose.
(2) Hydroxyethyl cellulose ruaj khov rau cov kua qaub thiab cov hauv paus. Alkali tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm nrawm rau nws qhov kev sib cais thiab txhim kho nws cov viscosity me ntsis. Nws dispersibility hauv dej yog me ntsis phem dua li ntawm methyl cellulose thiab hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
(3) Hydroxyethyl cellulose muaj kev ua tau zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv sagging ntawm mortar, tab sis nws muaj sij hawm ntev rau cov cement.
(4) Kev ua tau zoo ntawm hydroxyethyl cellulose ua los ntawm qee lub tuam txhab hauv tsev yog qis dua li ntawm methyl cellulose vim nws cov ntsiab lus dej siab thiab cov hmoov tshauv.
1.1.4 Carboxymethyl cellulose
Lub ionic cellulose ether yog npaj los ntawm ntuj fibers (paj rwb, thiab lwm yam) tom qab alkali kev kho mob, siv sodium monochloroacetate ua etherifying tus neeg sawv cev, thiab los ntawm ib tug series ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws qhov kev hloov pauv feem ntau yog 0.4 ~ 1.4, thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo cuam tshuam los ntawm kev hloov pauv.
(1) Carboxymethyl cellulose yog hygroscopic heev, thiab nws yuav muaj cov dej ntau thaum khaws cia rau hauv cov xwm txheej.
(2) Carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous tov yuav tsis tsim gel, thiab viscosity yuav txo nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Thaum qhov kub siab tshaj 50 ℃, viscosity yog irreversible.
(3) Nws ruaj khov heev cuam tshuam los ntawm pH. Feem ntau, nws tuaj yeem siv hauv gypsum raws li mortar, tab sis tsis yog hauv cov cement raws li mortar. Nyob rau hauv high alkalinity, viscosity yuav ploj.
(4) Nws cov dej tuav tau qis dua li ntawm methyl cellulose. Nws muaj cov nyhuv retarding ntawm gypsum raws li mortar thiab txo nws lub zog. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi ntawm carboxymethyl cellulose yog qis dua li ntawm methyl cellulose.
2. Redispersible polymer hmoov
Redispersible roj hmab hmoov yog ua los ntawm cov tshuaj pleev tshwj xeeb polymer los ntawm kev ziab kom qhuav. Thaum lub sij hawm ua, kev tiv thaiv colloid thiab anti hardening tus neeg sawv cev ua indispensable additives. Cov hmoov roj hmab qhuav yog qee qhov 80 ~ 100mm spherical hais sib sau ua ke. Cov khoom no tuaj yeem soluble hauv dej thiab tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv ruaj khov me ntsis loj dua li cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev ib ce qub. Qhov no dispersion yuav tsim ib zaj duab xis tom qab lub cev qhuav dej thiab qhuav. Zaj duab xis no yog irreversible zoo li zaj duab xis tsim ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab yuav tsis tawg mus rau hauv ib tug dispersion thaum ntsib dej.
Redispersible roj hmab hmoov tuaj yeem muab faib ua styrene butadiene copolymer, tertiary ethylene carbonate copolymer, ethylene acetic acid copolymer, thiab lwm yam, thiab ntawm lub hauv paus no, cov organic silicon thiab vinyl laurate tuaj yeem raug grafted los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Cov kev hloov pauv sib txawv ua rau cov hmoov roj hmab rov qab muaj cov khoom sib txawv xws li dej tsis kam, alkali tsis kam, huab cua tsis kam thiab yoog raws. Nws muaj vinyl laurate thiab cov organic silicon, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hmoov roj hmab muaj cov dej zoo hydrophobicity. Highly branched ethylene tertiary carbonate muaj tsawg Tg tus nqi thiab zoo saj zawg zog. Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov hmoov no nyob rau hauv mortar muaj ib tug retarding nyhuv ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm cov cement, tab sis cov nyhuv retarding yog me dua li ntawm daim ntawv thov ncaj qha ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce zoo sib xws. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov nyhuv retarding ntawm styrene butadiene yog ntau dua li ntawm ethylene vinyl acetate. Yog tias qhov ntau npaum li cas me me, qhov kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab tsis pom tseeb.
Youngcel HPMC / MHEC yog dav siv los ua Tshuaj Pab Pawg rau Pobzeb Adhesive, Cement Plaster, Qhuav mix mortar, Phab ntsa putty, Txheej, Detergent thiab lwm yam.Thiab peb tuaj yeem muab koj tus nqi qis tshaj thiab zoo tshaj plaws.
Peb cov khoom yog nrov nyob rau hauv Egypt, Russia, South Africa, Middle East, qaib ntxhw, Nyab Laj, Fabkis, Ltalis, Singapore, Bangladesh, Indonesia, South America thiab hais txog. Ua tsaug ua ntej thiab txais tos hu rau.
Post lub sij hawm: Oct-24-2022