1. Ether ya selile
Cellulose ether nizina rusange ryuruhererekane rwibicuruzwa byakozwe na reaction ya alkali selulose hamwe na etherifying agent mubihe bimwe. Alkali selulose isimburwa nibikoresho bitandukanye bya etherifing kugirango babone ethers zitandukanye. Ukurikije imiterere ya ionisation yibisimburwa, ethers ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwa ionic (nka carboxymethyl selulose) nubwoko butari ionic (nka methyl selulose). Ukurikije ubwoko bwibisimburwa, ethers ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo monoethers (nka methyl selulose) na ethers ivanze (nka hydroxypropyl methyl selulose). Ukurikije gushonga gutandukanye, irashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwo gukemura amazi (nka hydroxyethyl selulose) hamwe no gukomera kwumubiri (nka Ethyl selulose). Amashanyarazi avanze yumye cyane cyane selile yamashanyarazi, kandi selile yamashanyarazi irashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwihuse kandi bigatinda kumeneka nyuma yo kuvurwa hejuru.
Uburyo bwibikorwa bya selile ether muri mortar nuburyo bukurikira:
. Nka colloide ikingira, selile ether "ipfunyika" ibice bikomeye kandi ikora urwego rwa firime yo gusiga amavuta hejuru yinyuma yayo, bigatuma sisitemu ya minisiteri ihagarara neza, kandi ikanatezimbere amazi ya minisiteri muburyo bwo kuvanga no koroha kwa kubaka.
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1.1.1 Methylcellulose (MC)
Ipamba itunganijwe ivurwa na alkali, kandi ether ya selile yateguwe hifashishijwe urukurikirane rw'ibisubizo hamwe na methyl chloride nka mitiweli. Mubisanzwe, urwego rwo gusimburwa ni 1.6 ~ 2.0, kandi gukemura biratandukanye nurwego rwo gusimburwa. Nibya selile ionic selile.
(1) Methylcellulose irashonga mumazi akonje, ariko biragoye gushonga mumazi ashyushye, kandi igisubizo cyamazi cyacyo gihamye murwego rwa pH = 3 ~ 12. Ifite guhuza neza na krahisi, guar gum na surfactants nyinshi. Iyo ubushyuhe bugeze kuri gel, ubushyuhe bwa gel buzabaho.
. Mubisanzwe, igipimo cyo gufata amazi ni kinini hamwe ninyongera nyinshi, ubwiza buto hamwe nubwiza bwinshi. Umubare wongeyeho ufite uruhare runini ku kigero cyo gufata amazi, kandi ubukonje ntibuhuye neza n’igipimo cyo gufata amazi. Igipimo cyo guseswa ahanini biterwa nuburinganire bwo hejuru hamwe nuburinganire bwa selile. Muri ethers ya selile yavuzwe haruguru, methyl selulose na hydroxypropyl methyl selulose ifite amazi menshi.
(3) Ihinduka ry'ubushyuhe rizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku kigero cyo gufata amazi ya methyl selile. Mubisanzwe, uko ubushyuhe buri hejuru, niko gufata amazi ari bibi. Niba ubushyuhe bwa minisiteri burenze 40 ℃, umutungo wo kubika amazi ya methyl selulose uzaba mubi cyane, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ya minisiteri.
(4) Methylcellulose igira uruhare rugaragara kumikorere no gufatira minisiteri. “Kwizirika” hano bivuga imbaraga zifatika zumvwa hagati y'ibikoresho byo gushushanya abakozi hamwe na substrate y'urukuta, ni ukuvuga guhangana na minisiteri. Gufatanya ni binini, kurwanya shear ya minisiteri ni nini, kandi imbaraga zisabwa n'abakozi mugikorwa cyo gukoresha nazo nini, bityo kubaka minisiteri ni bibi. Mubicuruzwa bya selile ya selile, gufatira methyl selulose kurwego rwo hagati.
1.1.2 Hydroxypropyl methyl selulose (HPMC)
Hydroxypropyl methyl selulose (HPMC) ni ubwoko bwa selile ifite umusaruro na dosiye byiyongera vuba mumyaka yashize. Ni selile idafite ionic ivanze na ether ikozwe mu ipamba itunganijwe nyuma yo kuvura alkalisation, ukoresheje epoxy propane na methyl chloride nka etherifying agent binyuze murukurikirane rwibisubizo. Urwego rwo gusimburwa muri rusange ni 1.2 ~ 2.0. Imiterere yacyo iratandukanye bitewe nuburinganire bwibirimo na hydroxypropyl.
(1) Hydroxypropyl methyl selulose irashobora gushonga byoroshye mumazi akonje, ariko biragoye gushonga mumazi ashyushye. Nyamara, ubushyuhe bwa gel bwayo mumazi ashyushye burenze cyane ubw'ubumara bwa methyl. Ugereranije na methyl selulose, gukomera mumazi akonje nabyo biratera imbere cyane.
. Ubushyuhe nabwo buzagira ingaruka ku bwiza bwabwo, kandi ubukonje buzagabanuka igihe ubushyuhe buzamutse. Nyamara, ingaruka zubukonje bwinshi nubushyuhe biri munsi yubwa methyl selile. Igisubizo gihamye mubushyuhe bwicyumba.
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(4) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ihamye kuri acide na base, kandi igisubizo cyamazi cyacyo gihamye murwego rwa pH = 2 ~ 12. Caustic soda n'amazi ya lime ntacyo bihindura kumikorere yabyo, ariko alkali irashobora kwihutisha umuvuduko wacyo kandi ikanoza pin. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ihagaze neza kumunyu usanzwe, ariko iyo ubunini bwumuti wumunyu mwinshi, ubwiza bwumuti wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bikunda kwiyongera.
. Nka alcool ya polyvinyl, ibinyamisogwe ether, amase y'imboga, nibindi.
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1.1.3 Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC)
Ipamba itunganijwe itegurwa no gukora na okiside ya Ethylene nka etherifying agent imbere ya acetone nyuma yo kuvura alkali. Urwego rwo gusimburwa muri rusange ni 1.5 ~ 2.0. Ifite hydrophilicity ikomeye kandi byoroshye gukuramo ubuhehere.
(1) Hydroxyethyl selulose irashobora gushonga mumazi akonje, ariko bigoye gushonga mumazi ashyushye. Igisubizo gihamye mubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ntigifite umutungo wa gel. Irashobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire munsi yubushyuhe bwo hagati nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa minisiteri, ariko kubika amazi kwayo biri munsi yubwa methyl selile.
(2) Hydroxyethyl selulose ihamye kuri acide isanzwe. Alkali irashobora kwihutisha iseswa ryayo kandi igateza imbere ubwiza bwayo. Ikwirakwizwa ryayo mumazi ni mabi cyane ugereranije na methyl selulose na hydroxypropyl methyl selulose.
(3) Hydroxyethyl selulose ifite imikorere myiza mukurwanya kugabanuka kwa minisiteri, ariko ifite igihe kirekire cyo kudindiza sima.
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1.1.4 Carboxymethyl selulose
Iionic selulose ether itegurwa kuva fibre karemano (ipamba, nibindi) nyuma yo kuvura alkali, ukoresheje sodium monochloroacetate nka agent ya etherifying, kandi binyuze mubitekerezo. Urwego rwo gusimbuza muri rusange ni 0.4 ~ 1.4, kandi imikorere yarwo igira ingaruka cyane kurwego rwo gusimburwa.
(1) Carboxymethyl selulose ni hygroscopique cyane, kandi izaba irimo amazi menshi mugihe abitswe mubihe rusange.
. Iyo ubushyuhe burenze 50 ℃, ibishishwa ntibisubirwaho.
(3) Guhagarara kwayo bigira ingaruka cyane kuri pH. Mubisanzwe, irashobora gukoreshwa muri gypsumu ishingiye kuri minisiteri, ariko ntabwo ikoreshwa muri sima. Muri alkaline nyinshi, viscosity izabura.
(4) Kubika amazi kwayo ni munsi cyane ugereranije na methyl selile. Ifite ingaruka mbi kuri gypsum ishingiye kuri minisiteri kandi igabanya imbaraga zayo. Nyamara, igiciro cya carboxymethyl selulose kiri hasi cyane ugereranije na methyl selile.
2. Ifu ya polymer isubirwamo
Ifu ya reispersible reberi ikozwe mumavuta yihariye ya polymer binyuze mukumisha spray. Mugihe cyo gutunganya, kurinda colloid hamwe na anti-harding agent ihinduka inyongera zingirakamaro. Ifu yumye yumye ni 80 ~ 100mm ya serefegitire yegeranye hamwe. Utwo duce turashobora gushonga mumazi hanyuma tugakora gutatana gukomeye kurenza gato amavuta yo kwisiga. Uku gutatanya kuzakora firime nyuma yo kubura umwuma no gukama. Iyi firime ntisubirwaho nkibikorwa bya firime yo kwisiga bisanzwe, kandi ntibizatatana mugihe uhuye namazi.
Ifu ya reispersible reberi irashobora kugabanywa muri styrene butadiene copolymer, kaminuza ya etylene karubone copolymer, Ethylene acetic acide copolymer, nibindi, kandi hashingiwe kuri ibyo, silicon organic na vinyl laurate irashobora gushushanywa kugirango imikorere irusheho kugenda neza. Ingamba zinyuranye zo guhindura zituma ifu ya reberi isubirwamo ifite imiterere itandukanye nko kurwanya amazi, kurwanya alkali, kurwanya ikirere no guhinduka. Irimo vinyl laurate na silicon kama, ishobora gutuma ifu ya rubber igira hydrophobicity nziza. Amashami menshi ya Ethylene ya gatatu ya karubone ifite Tg agaciro gake kandi ihinduka neza. Ikoreshwa rya poro muri minisiteri rifite ingaruka zo kudindiza mugihe cyo gushiraho sima, ariko ingaruka zo kudindiza ni ntoya kuruta iyindi yo gukoresha amavuta yo kwisiga. Ibinyuranye, ingaruka zo kudindiza styrene butadiene iruta iya Ethylene vinyl acetate. Niba igipimo ari gito cyane, kunoza imikorere ya minisiteri ntabwo bigaragara.
Youngcel HPMC / MHEC ikoreshwa cyane nkumukozi wungirije ushinzwe imiti ya Tile Adhesive, Cima Plaster, Kuma ivanze ya minisiteri, Wall putty, Coating, Detergent nibindi.Kandi turashobora kuguha igiciro gito kandi cyiza.
Ibicuruzwa byacu bizwi cyane muri Egiputa, Uburusiya, Afurika y'Epfo, Uburasirazuba bwo hagati, Turukiya, Vietnam, Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani, Singapore, Bangladesh, Indoneziya, Amerika y'Epfo n'ibindi. Murakoze mbere kandi murakaza neza kubonana.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-24-2022