1. Cellulose ether
Cellulose ether ke lebitso le akaretsang la letoto la lihlahisoa tse hlahisoang ke karabelo ea alkali cellulose le etherifying agent tlasa maemo a itseng. Alkali cellulose e nkeloa sebaka ke lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa etherifying ho fumana li-ether tse fapaneng tsa cellulose. Ho ea ka thepa ea ionization ea li-substituent, cellulose ethers e ka aroloa ka mofuta oa ionic (joalo ka carboxymethyl cellulose) le mofuta o seng oa ionic (joalo ka methyl cellulose). Ho latela mefuta ea li-substitute, li-cellulose ethers li ka aroloa ka li-monothers (joalo ka methyl cellulose) le li-ether tse tsoakiloeng (joalo ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). Ho ea ka dissolubility e fapaneng, e ka aroloa ka ho qhibiliha ha metsi (joalo ka hydroxyethyl cellulose) le organic solvent solubility (joalo ka ethyl cellulose). Seretse se omileng se kopantsoeng haholo-holo ke selulose e qhibilihang ka metsing, 'me selulose e qhibilihang ka metsi e ka aroloa ka mofuta oa hang-hang le mofuta o liehang oa ho qhibiliha ka mor'a phekolo ea holim'a metsi.
Mokhoa oa ts'ebetso oa cellulose ether ka seretse o tjena:
(1) Ka mor'a hore cellulose ether ka seretse e qhibilihe ka metsing, kabo e sebetsang le e ts'oanang ea lisebelisoa tsa samente tsamaisong e tiisitsoe ka lebaka la mosebetsi oa holim'a metsi. Joaloka colloid e sireletsang, cellulose ether "e phuthela" likaroloana tse tiileng 'me e etsa lera la filimi e tlotsang holim'a eona e ka ntle, e leng se etsang hore tsamaiso ea seretse e be e tsitsitseng, hape e ntlafatsa ho phalla ha seretse nakong ea ho kopanya le ho boreleli. kaho.
(2) Ka lebaka la litšobotsi tsa sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa tharollo ea cellulose ether, metsi a seretse ha a lahleheloe habonolo, 'me butle-butle a lokolloa ka nako e telele, a fana ka seretse ho boloka metsi a matle le ho sebetsa hantle.
1.1.1 Methylcellulose (MC)
K'hothone e hloekisitsoeng e tšoaroa ka alkali, 'me cellulose ether e lokisoa ka letoto la liketso ka methyl chloride e le etherifying agent. Ka kakaretso, tekanyo ea ho fetola ke 1.6 ~ 2.0, 'me ho qhibiliha ho fapana ho ea ka tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka. Ke ea non-ionic cellulose ether.
(1) Methylcellulose e qhibiliha ka metsing a batang, empa ho thata ho qhibiliha metsing a chesang, 'me tharollo ea eona ea metsi e tsitsitse ka har'a pH = 3 ~ 12. E lumellana hantle le starch, guar gum le li-surfactants tse ngata. Ha mocheso o fihla mocheso oa gel, ho tla etsahala gel phenomenon.
(2) Ho boloka metsi a methyl cellulose ho ipapisitse le palo ea eona ea tlatsetso, viscosity, botle ba likaroloana le sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha. Ka kakaretso, sekhahla sa ho boloka metsi se phahame ka palo e kholo ea tlatsetso, botle bo nyane le viscosity e kholo. Chelete ea tlatsetso e na le tšusumetso e kholo ho sekhahla sa ho boloka metsi, 'me viscosity ha e lekane ka ho toba le tekanyo ea ho boloka metsi. Sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha se itšetlehile haholo ka tekanyo ea phetoho ea holim'a metsi le boleng ba likaroloana tsa likaroloana tsa cellulose. Har'a li-ether tsa cellulose tse ka holimo, methyl cellulose le hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose li na le ho boloka metsi ho phahameng.
(3) Phetoho ea mocheso e tla ama ka botebo sekhahla sa ho boloka metsi sa methyl cellulose. Ka kakaretso, ha thempereichara e phahame, ho mpefala ha metsi ho boloka metsi. Haeba mocheso oa seretse o feta 40 ℃, thepa ea ho boloka metsi ea methyl cellulose e tla mpefala haholo, e tla ama ts'ebetso ea seretse ka botebo.
(4) Methylcellulose e na le tšusumetso e hlakileng mabapi le ho sebetsa le ho khomarela seretse. "Ho khomarela" mona ho bolela matla a sekhomaretsi a utloahalang pakeng tsa lisebelisoa tsa basebetsi tsa ho penta le karoloana ea lebota, ke hore, ho thibela ho kuta ha seretse. Sekhomaretsi se seholo, khanyetso ea ho kuta ea seretse e kholo, 'me matla a hlokoang ke basebetsi ts'ebetsong ea ts'ebeliso e boetse e kholo, kahoo ho hahoa ha seretse ho futsanehile. Ka lihlahisoa tsa ether ea cellulose, ho khomarela ha methyl cellulose ho boemong bo bohareng.
1.1.2 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) ke mofuta oa selulose eo chai ea eona le litekanyetso li ntseng li eketseha ka potlako lilemong tsa morao tjena. Ke selulose e seng ionic e tsoakiloeng e entsoeng ka k'hothone e hloekisitsoeng ka mor'a phekolo ea alkalization, e sebelisa epoxy propane le methyl chloride e le etherifying agent ka letoto la liketso. Tekanyo ea ho nka sebaka ka kakaretso ke 1.2 ~ 2.0. Thepa ea eona e fapane ho latela karolo ea methoxy content le hydroxypropyl content.
(1) Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose e qhibiliha habonolo metsing a batang, empa ho thata ho qhibiliha ka metsing a chesang. Leha ho le joalo, mocheso oa eona oa gel metsing a chesang o phahame haholo ho feta oa methyl cellulose. Ha ho bapisoa le methyl cellulose, ho qhibiliha ha metsi a batang le hona ho ntlafatsoa haholo.
(2) Viscosity ea hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose e amana le boima ba eona ba molek'hule, 'me ha boima ba limolek'hule bo phahame, ho ba le viscosity e phahameng. Mocheso o tla boela o ama viscosity ea oona, 'me viscosity e tla fokotseha ha mocheso o phahama. Leha ho le joalo, phello ea viscosity e phahameng le mocheso o tlase ho feta oa methyl cellulose. Tharollo e tsitsitse mocheso oa kamore.
(3) Palo ea metsi ea HPMC e ipapisitse le palo ea eona ea tlatsetso le viscosity, mme sekhahla sa eona sa ho boloka metsi se phahame ho feta sa methyl cellulose ka chelete e tšoanang ea tlatsetso.
(4) Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e tsitsitse ho li-acids le metheo, 'me tharollo ea eona ea metsi e tsitsitse ka har'a pH = 2 ~ 12. Caustic soda le metsi a lime ha li na phello e fokolang ts'ebetsong ea eona, empa alkali e ka potlakisa sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha le ho ntlafatsa pinana ea viscosity. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e tsitsitse ho matsoai a tloaelehileng, empa ha motsoako oa motsoako oa letsoai o phahame, viscosity ea hydroxypropyl methylcellulose tharollo e atisa ho eketseha.
(5) Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose e ka kopanngoa le metsoako ea macromolecular e qhibilihang ka metsing ho etsa tharollo e ts'oanang e nang le viscosity e phahameng. Joalo ka joala ba polyvinyl, starch ether, boka ba meroho, joalo-joalo.
(6) Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose e na le khanyetso e ntle ea enzyme ho feta methyl cellulose, mme monyetla oa ho senyeha ha enzymatic ea tharollo ea eona o tlase ho feta oa methyl cellulose.
(7) Ho khomarela ha hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose mohahong oa seretse ho phahame ho feta methyl cellulose.
1.1.3 Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)
K'hothone e hloekisitsoeng e lokisoa ka ho itšoara ka ethylene oxide e le moemeli oa etherifying ka pel'a acetone ka mor'a phekolo ea alkali. Tekanyo ea ho fetola hangata ke 1.5 ~ 2.0. E na le hydrophilicity e matla 'me e bonolo ho monya mongobo.
(1) Hydroxyethyl cellulose e qhibiliha ka metsing a batang, empa ho thata ho qhibiliha ka metsing a chesang. Tharollo e tsitsitse mocheso o phahameng mme ha e na thepa ea gel. E ka sebelisoa nako e telele tlas'a mocheso o bohareng le o phahameng oa seretse, empa ho boloka metsi a eona ho tlaase ho feta methyl cellulose.
(2) Hydroxyethyl cellulose e tsitsitse ho li-acids le metheo e tloaelehileng. Alkali e ka potlakisa ho qhibiliha ha eona 'me ea ntlafatsa hanyenyane viscosity ea eona. Ho qhalana ha eona metsing ho mpe ho feta ea methyl cellulose le hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
(3) Hydroxyethyl cellulose e na le ts'ebetso e ntle ho anti sagging ea seretse, empa e na le nako e telele ea ho chechisa samente.
(4) Ts'ebetso ea hydroxyethyl cellulose e hlahisoang ke likhoebo tse ling tsa malapeng e tlase haholo ho feta ea methyl cellulose ka lebaka la metsi a mangata le molora.
1.1.4 Carboxymethyl cellulose
Ionic cellulose ether e lokiselitsoe ho tloha likhoele tsa tlhaho (cotton, joalo-joalo) ka mor'a phekolo ea alkali, ho sebelisa sodium monochloroacetate e le etherifying agent, le ka letoto la liketso. Tekanyo ea eona ea ho kenya sebaka ka kakaretso ke 0.4 ~ 1.4, 'me ts'ebetso ea eona e angoa haholo ke tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka.
(1) Carboxymethyl cellulose e na le hygroscopic haholo, 'me e tla ba le metsi a mangata ha a bolokiloe tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng.
(2) Tharollo ea metsi a carboxymethyl cellulose e ke ke ea hlahisa gel, 'me viscosity e tla fokotseha ka ho eketseha ha mocheso. Ha mocheso o feta 50 ℃, viscosity ha e fetohe.
(3) Ho tsitsa ha eona ho angoa haholo ke pH. Ka kakaretso, e ka sebelisoa ka seretse sa gypsum, empa eseng ka seretse se thehiloeng ho samente. Ka alkalinity e phahameng, viscosity e tla lahleha.
(4) Ho boloka metsi a eona ho tlase haholo ho feta methyl cellulose. E na le phello e fokolang ho seretse se thehiloeng ho gypsum mme e fokotsa matla a eona. Leha ho le joalo, theko ea carboxymethyl cellulose e tlase haholo ho feta ea methyl cellulose.
2. Redispersible polymer phofo
Redispersible phofo ea rabara e entsoe ka lotion e khethehileng ea polymer ka ho omisa ka spray. Nakong ea ts'ebetso, li-colloid tse sireletsang le li-anti-hardening agent li fetoha li-additives tsa bohlokoa. Phofo ea rabara e omisitsoeng ke likaroloana tse chitja tsa 80 ~ 100mm tse bokaneng hammoho. Likaroloana tsena li ka qhibiliha ka metsing 'me tsa etsa phallo e tsitsitseng e kholoanyane ho feta likaroloana tsa pele tsa lotion. Phahamiso ena e tla etsa filimi ka mor'a ho felloa ke metsi le ho omisa. Filimi ena ha e fetohe joalo ka sebopeho sa filimi ea lotion e tloaelehileng, 'me e ke ke ea qhalakana ha e kopana le metsi.
Redispersible phofo ea rabara e ka aroloa ka styrene butadiene copolymer, tertiary ethylene carbonate copolymer, ethylene acetic acid copolymer, joalo-joalo, 'me motheong ona, silicon ea organic le vinyl laurate e ka hlomathiseletsoa ho ntlafatsa tshebetso. Mehato e fapaneng ea ho fetola e etsa hore phofo ea rabara e qhaqhoeng e be le thepa e fapaneng e kang ho hanyetsa metsi, ho hanyetsa alkali, ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo le ho fetoha ha maemo. E na le vinyl laurate le silicon ea tlhaho, e ka etsang hore phofo ea rabara e be le hydrophobicity e ntle. Highly branched ethylene tertiary carbonate e na le boleng bo tlase ba Tg le ho fetoha habonolo ha maemo. Tšebeliso ea li-powders tsena ka seretse se na le phello e sitisang nako ea ho beha samente, empa phello ea ho khutlisa e nyenyane ho feta ea tšebeliso e tobileng ea lotion e tšoanang. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, phello e fokolisang ea styrene butadiene e kholo ho feta ea ethylene vinyl acetate. Haeba litekanyetso li le nyane haholo, ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso ea seretse ha e bonahale.
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Nako ea poso: Oct-24-2022